Tchad : bras de fer entre gouvernement et « Les Transformateurs », nouveau parti politique interdit de s’officialiser

La conférence de transition du mouvement au parti politique a été interdite par les autorités de N’Djamena qui ne reconnaissent pas ladite entité. En phase de « devenir » officiellement un parti politique, Les Transformateurs, a été lancé depuis Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, en avril 2018. Ex fonctionnaire de la Banque africaine de développement (BAD), Succès Masra démissionna un jour avant l’adoption d’une nouvelle constitution qui renforcent énormément les pouvoirs du chef de l’État tchadien. Sans surprise, la nouvelle constitution est contestée par la quasi-totalité de l’opposition, mais elle est tout de même promulguée par le président Idriss Deby. Désormais politicien et dirigeant de parti politique, l’ex fonctionnaire de la BAD s’engage dans l’opposition contre le régime actuel, au pouvoir depuis 30 ans, pour, dit-il, véritablement transformer le Tchad en une terre d’opportunités et de développement intégral.

Mais depuis le lancement de son mouvement l’année dernière, Succès Masra a essuyé plusieurs coups politiques et judiciaires du régime, qualifient par les militants Transformateurs de tactiques d’intimidation pour fin d’étouffer le plus tôt possible ce mouvement qui gagne de plus en plus du terrain et inspire confiance en la jeunesse tchadienne. Déjà, plus de 100 000 citoyens ont adhéré au mouvement.

Samedi 1er juin, à la Maison de la Femme, où devrait se tenir la conférence historique de présentation du parti, Succès Masra était entouré et bien protégé par des jeunes massivement sortis pour soutenir leur président.

Très tôt, dans la matinée de ce jour, les forces de l’ordre s’invitent sur les lieux et prennent position devant l’entrée principale de la Maison de la Femme et alentours. Non pas pour applaudir le nouveau parti politique, mais pour plutôt empêcher le déroulement de la conférence. Impossible de se rendre dans les locaux, le convoi accompagnant Succès Masra s’immobilise temporairement en pleine rue pour lire la déclaration prévue pour la conférence, malgré l’interdiction. C’est grâce à la présence de quelques diplomates étrangers dans la foule que la police armée jusqu’aux dents se ressaisit cette fois de disperser une mobilisation de l’opposition.

Unité nationale, honnêteté, tolérance, égalité des chances, impartialité, ont été les sujets marquants du discours du leader des Transformateurs, tenu depuis le toit ouvrant de son véhicule V8, devant ses invités diplomates, journalistes, militants et citoyens curieux. 

Décidé de poursuivre son agenda pour la journée, le convoi entame, peu après la déclaration, une parade sur les grands axes de la capitale N’Djamena, notamment pour célébrer son ascension officielle dans la vie politique. Mais suivi de près par la police anti-émeutes, le convoi de véhicules et motos, se fait intercepter et reçoit des tirs de gaz lacrymogène. Rapidement, le convoi rebrousse chemin. Direction, le QG du parti où il faut se réfugier afin d’éviter le pire. Mais trop tard de sortir sain et sauf, quelques militants du parti et son leader, Succès Masra, ont été atteints et blessés. Un usage de force « inacceptable » aussitôt déplorée par le vice-président des Transformateurs chargé des relations internationales, Ndolembaï Njessada “il y a eu un coup de lacrymogène qui a eu a touché un bon nombre de nos partisans, y compris notre président. C’est vraiment dommage puisque durant la déclaration, la police qui était présente a eu a protégé même ceux qui étaient sur la route pour éviter qu’ils puissent être ramassés par des véhicules, dont nous avons salué cela. Et à quelques minutes, plus tard, ces mêmes policiers se donnent le courage de jeter des gaz lacrymogènes sur nous. Je pense que c’est dommage.” Succès Masra aurait “avalé assez de gaz lacrymogènes mais son pronostic vital n’est pas engagé” rassure-t-il après. 

Pour le porte-parole de la police nationale, Paul Manga, la force anti-émeutes a agit légalement contre un trouble à l’ordre public, car dit-il, Les Transformateurs ne sont pas un parti politique officiellement reconnu et d’ailleurs la demande de se convertir du mouvement au parti a été rejeté par le ministère de l’Administration du territoire, de la Sécurité publique et de la Gouvernance locale. Par consequent, cette conférence de présentation ne pouvait donc avoir lieu.

Dans une correspondance du 23 avril dernier, le ministre, Mahamat Abali Salah, avait rejeté la demande du fait que “trois (3) membres de l’équipe dirigeante du parti n’ont pas atteint l’âge de 30 ans révolus comme exigé à l’article 12 de l’ordonnance 020/PR/2018 du 07 juin 2018, portant charte des partis politiques.”

Mais pour Succès Masra et ses proches collaborateurs, le ministère devrait revenir sur sa décision pour le fait que les membres concernés de son équipe jouent en effet le rôle de conseillers et ne sont pas des dirigeants comme avance le ministère pour justifier le rejet de son dossier.

Samedi donc, Les Transformateurs avait prévu la conférence afin de s’autoproclamer parti politique légalement constitué. S’appuyant sur les lois régissant les partis politiques au Tchad et le constat d’un huissier, selon lesquelles, le ministère devrait traiter la demande dans un délai de six mois. L’ordonnance 20/PR/18 du 07 juin 2018 portant Charte des partis politiques, en son article 15, indique « dans le cas où l’autorisation de fonctionner n’est pas pris dans le délai de six(6) mois…le dossier de déclaration est réputé conforme à la loi. »

Or, fondé officiellement le 29 avril 2018, suivi d’une déclaration faite le 14 novembre pour se convertir en parti, le mouvement Les Transformateurs se considère désormais une formation politique depuis le 15 mai. Ainsi donc était né le bras de fer opposant le gouvernement tchadien et Les Transformateurs.

NDJAMENA 24

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